Design

The below network includes:
1> Ospf (all routers)
2> Virtual links(R4,R5)
3> Stubby area(R3)
3> Totally stubby area(R3)
4> RIP redistribution(R2)

R2 is ABR and ASBR

next::::

will try my hand on 

1>virtual links

2> redistribution

3> lab scenarios on the internet.(will post all my scenarios i tested along with original page links). 

Again OSPF over NBMA

good one by Jeremy

This is again the same topology which I already practiced once by following Jeremy. Now after CCNA i wanted to try it by myself. Below are some problems faced and what I learned:
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1> Always use 3600 router for config. Reason: Very stable with GNS3. No Dynamips crashing anymore.
2> Configure all the interfaces first and then configure the ospf. You may face routes not getting populated.
    USE : [clear ip ospf process] to restart the ospf process on all routers
3> Interfaces were going up and down frequently after initializing OSPF. User
no frame-relay inverse-arp
to resolve the issue while configuring FR. this helps in solving my issue.

Took 2 nights, to do this. But at last did it.

secure crt in gns3

C:\progra~1\vandyk~1\SecureCRT\SecureCRT.EXE /script c:\progra~1\gns3\securecrt.vbs /arg %d /T /telnet %h %p 

use the path of your securecrt. do not change anything else

Configure router as a frame relay switch

#line console 0
#logging synchronous
#no exec-timeout  or # exec-timeout 0 0
#exit
#frame-relay switching
#int s1/0
#en fr
#clock rate 64000
#frame-relay lmi-type cisco
#frame-relay intf-type dce

-----below is most important comand-----

#frame-realy route 100 interface s0/1 300

source is 100 and for the destination dlci 300 send it though int s0/1

same config for all other interface......First I used three FR switch for a single scenario
Now I can use single FR sw fro single scenario

OSPF packets

 You can download the pcap file from the below link

http://rapidshare.com/files/437521313/R1_to_SW1.cap

In this packet dump you will mainly find
1> LSA type 3  --->ABR summary route
2> LSA type 4  ----> ASBR summary route

Router id 1.1.1.1 is the ASBR (i redistributed the static routes just to understand how packets look like) and Router ID 2.2.2.2 is the ABR.

OSPF States/ OSPF handshake / OSPF Neighbor states

Here are the logs in bebug mode. I will capture the live packets...but the time stamp will be different.


Router#debug ip ospf events
OSPF events debugging is on
----------------------Here I have shut the interface on the other router-------------------------
--------------Already we had neighbours formed, but I wanted to check the packets----------------
Router#
*Mar  1 00:54:03.215: OSPF: Send hello to 224.0.0.5 area 0 on FastEthernet0/0 from 172.30.0.1-->first hello
*Mar  1 00:54:13.215: OSPF: Send hello to 224.0.0.5 area 0 on FastEthernet0/0 from 172.30.0.1-->Second hello
*Mar  1 00:54:23.215: OSPF: Send hello to 224.0.0.5 area 0 on FastEthernet0/0 from 172.30.0.1-->third hello
*Mar  1 00:54:32.859: OSPF: 2.2.2.2 address 172.30.0.2 on FastEthernet0/0 is dead

*Mar  1 00:54:32.859: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 10, Nbr 2.2.2.2 on FastEthernet0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down:

Dead timer expired---->hahaha 4*hello--->neighbor down

*Mar  1 00:54:32.859: OSPF: Neighbor change Event on interface FastEthernet0/0
*Mar  1 00:54:32.863: OSPF: DR/BDR election on FastEthernet0/0
*Mar  1 00:54:32.863: OSPF: Elect BDR 0.0.0.0
*Mar  1 00:54:32.863: OSPF: Elect DR 1.1.1.1   ------------------>Router ID of the router where Debug is on
*Mar  1 00:54:32.863:        DR: 1.1.1.1 (Id)   BDR: none
------------------------------------->single router DR set---------------------------------------

*Mar  1 00:54:33.215: OSPF: Send hello to 224.0.0.5 area 0 on FastEthernet0/0 from 172.30.0.1
*Mar  1 00:54:43.215: OSPF: Send hello to 224.0.0.5 area 0 on FastEthernet0/0 from 172.30.0.1
*Mar  1 00:54:43.359: OSPF: service_maxage: Trying to delete MAXAGE LSA
*Mar  1 00:54:53.215: OSPF: Send hello to 224.0.0.5 area 0 on FastEthernet0/0 from 172.30.0.1
*Mar  1 00:55:03.215: OSPF: Send hello to 224.0.0.5 area 0 on FastEthernet0/0 from 172.30.0.1
*Mar  1 00:55:13.215: OSPF: Send hello to 224.0.0.5 area 0 on FastEthernet0/0 from 172.30.0.1
----------------sending multicasts ----searching for buddies---------------------------------------
--------------------now I have enabled the interface on the other router--------------------------

*Mar  1 00:55:16.071: OSPF: Rcv hello from 2.2.2.2 area 0 from FastEthernet0/0 172.30.0.2
*Mar  1 00:55:16.071: OSPF: Send immediate hello to nbr 2.2.2.2, src address 172.30.0.2, on FastEthernet0/0
*Mar  1 00:55:16.075: OSPF: Send hello to 172.30.0.2 area 0 on FastEthernet0/0 from 172.30.0.1
*Mar  1 00:55:16.075: OSPF: End of hello processing
*Mar  1 00:55:20.463: OSPF: Rcv DBD from 2.2.2.2 on FastEthernet0/0 seq 0x1551 opt 0x52 flag 0x7 len 32  mtu 1500

state INIT

--------------------------------->1.1.1.1 goes to INIT state<-----------------------------------------------

*Mar  1 00:55:20.463: OSPF: 2 Way Communication to 2.2.2.2 on FastEthernet0/0, state 2WAY

--------------------------------->done with 2 way state<-------------------------------------------------

*Mar  1 00:55:20.467: OSPF: Neighbor change Event on interface FastEthernet0/0
*Mar  1 00:55:20.467: OSPF: DR/BDR election on FastEthernet0/0
*Mar  1 00:55:20.467: OSPF: Elect BDR 2.2.2.2
*Mar  1 00:55:20.467: OSPF: Elect DR 1.1.1.1
*Mar  1 00:55:20.467:        DR: 1.1.1.1 (Id)   BDR: 2.2.2.2 (Id)

---------------------------->elected DR and BDR<-----------------------------------------------

*Mar  1 00:55:20.471: OSPF: Send DBD to 2.2.2.2 on FastEthernet0/0 seq 0x15B3 opt 0x52 flag 0x7 len 32
*Mar  1 00:55:20.471: OSPF: NBR Negotiation Done. We are the SLAVE

------------------------>For Master slave relation <----------------------------------
--->Priority of the router decides Master or slave, router ID breaks the tie so 2.2.2.2 is having ---------
------------------------------higher ID so it becomes master--------------------------------------
---------------------------------slave always sends first DBR and then master---------------------------------------

*Mar  1 00:55:20.471: OSPF: Send DBD to 2.2.2.2 on FastEthernet0/0 seq 0x1551 opt 0x52 flag 0x2 len 92
*Mar  1 00:55:20.655: OSPF: Rcv DBD from 2.2.2.2 on FastEthernet0/0 seq 0x1552 opt 0x52 flag 0x3 len 112  mtu 1500

state EXCHANGE
*Mar  1 00:55:20.655: OSPF: Send DBD to 2.2.2.2 on FastEthernet0/0 seq 0x1552 opt 0x52 flag 0x0 len 32
*Mar  1 00:55:20.747: OSPF: Rcv DBD from 2.2.2.2 on FastEthernet0/0 seq 0x1553 opt 0x52 flag 0x1 len 32  mtu 1500

state EXCHANGE

----------------------------> EX-start state<----------------------------------------------------
---------------------------->we will do packet analysis here------------------------------------
*Mar  1 00:55:20.747: OSPF: Exchange Done with 2.2.2.2 on FastEthernet0/0
*Mar  1 00:55:20.751: OSPF: Send LS REQ to 2.2.2.2 length 24 LSA count 2
*Mar  1 00:55:20.751: OSPF: Send DBD to 2.2.2.2 on FastEthernet0/0 seq 0x1553 opt 0x52 flag 0x0 len 32
*Mar  1 00:55:20.755: OSPF: Rcv LS REQ from 2.2.2.2 on FastEthernet0/0 length 36 LSA count 1
*Mar  1 00:55:20.755: OSPF: Send UPD to 172.30.0.2 on FastEthernet0/0 length 40 LSA count 1
*Mar  1 00:55:20.859: OSPF: Rcv LS UPD from 2.2.2.2 on FastEthernet0/0 length 96 LSA count 2

------------------------------Loading state-----------------------------------------------

*Mar  1 00:55:20.863: OSPF: Synchronized with 2.2.2.2 on FastEthernet0/0, state FULL
*Mar  1 00:55:20.863: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 10, Nbr 2.2.2.2 on FastEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done

----------------------------------------------Full State----------------------------------------------------

Redistribution done

Now next job is to understand each packet in the OSPF.

All LSA types and how exactly do they look and how exactly can we differentiate between is most amazing.

Till now, it was slow and now I need to plan my things and need to work on my plans daily. I have decided to give my troubleshooting paper first.

Reason:
once i can do troubleshooting then I will be able to give my routing and the switching paper each 15 day gap after troubleshooting.


So heavy pile of concepts and lil time. Need to work fast and efficient while keeping the perfect balance between work, family and challenge ;-)

Route Redistribution

Now, I am doing the route redistribution.

Once I done with that I will start the analysing the varoious LSA packets of OSPF.

Packets have always amazed me. Laura has helped me to gain confidence. Now I want to get deeper in to packet analysis. Every time I read about a protocol I want to get to know the packets.

I know its too time consuming but we need to understand each bit of it to remember it forever.

You have to two things to know about things
1>Learning
2>Doing

And I believe Doing > Learning.